

Rebuilding Without Erasing: Why Adaptive Re-use Matters After War
If you are working on the reconstruction of Ukraine, Gaza, Syria, Sudan, or any city emerging from conflict, there is a familiar set of questions: How quickly can we rebuild? What should be prioritised? Which structures are beyond repair? These are necessary questions. But there is another question that rarely appears in planning frameworks or design briefs: What should we do with buildings that remember violence? The buildings that don’t fit Post-conflict reconstruction tend


Whose Heritage Is It, Anyway?
( French / Arabic ) When we talk about heritage, whose heritage are we really talking about? It’s a question that has stayed with me over the years of working in this field. Not as an abstract provocation, but as something that emerges repeatedly in practice, in projects, in conversations, and in the spaces between intention and reality. Heritage is often presented as an unquestionable good: something to be protected, celebrated, and passed on. And in many ways, it is. But


Archaeology of the Future: Finding Hope in Architecture
(Arabic Translation) This week, I watched something that left me unexpectedly hopeful. A profile of Lina Ghotmeh on the Arts in Motion , and I found myself, at times, genuinely giddy. Not because of spectacle. But because of recognition. Architecture as Orchestra In a recent piece I wrote, ( Recombination: The Missing Discipline in Architecture ) , I argued that architecture must move away from authorship and toward orchestration. Listening to Lina Ghotmeh speak, I heard tha


“May the Force Be With You”: A Ukraine Air Alert
Every so often, at odd hours, or in the middle of an otherwise unremarkable day, it interrupts: an air alert from Ukraine. A reminder that somewhere, people are moving to shelter, pausing conversations, recalibrating their sense of time around the possibility of impact. And then after a while, just as abruptly, another message: “Attention. The air alert is over. May the force be with you.” The first time I heard it, I paused, not because of the alert itself, but because of th


Ukraine, Gaza, Sudan: What Post-War Cities Must Learn About Memory
Ukrainian / Arabic Text Rebuilding After War: What Buildings Remember If you are planning the reconstruction of Ukraine, Gaza, Sudan, Syria (or any city emerging from war) there is a question that rarely appears in engineering briefs, donor frameworks, or architectural masterplans: What do the buildings remember? After conflict, the world mobilises to rebuild walls, roads, schools, and monuments. We measure recovery in square metres restored and skylines repaired. Yet in eve


Why Peacebuilding Needs Climate Thinking and Climate Action Needs Memory, Place, and Justice
By Frazer Macdonald Hay Across the UN and global policy landscape, the term “climate–conflict nexus” has become shorthand for the reality that environmental shocks and social instability are increasingly inseparable. But the nexus is often described in economic or technological terms, food security, water scarcity, critical infrastructure, adaptation finance, and “smart” responses. Yet missing from most of these discussions is something fundamentally human: How people inhabi


Why Peace & Conflict Skills Matter in Everyday UK Life
For most of my working life, I have operated at the intersection of people, place, memory, and conflict . I have worked in cities rebuilding after war; in neighbourhoods negotiating tense identities; in institutions grappling with histories they found difficult to acknowledge; and in communities looking for ways to reconnect after years of silence or division. Through all of this, one insight has stayed with me: Conflict does not begin with violence, and peace does not begin


Lumbini: Where Peace Begins with Place
by Frazer Macdonald Hay Introduction I was deeply grateful to the British Council’s Cultural Protection Fund ( CPF ) and ICOMOS for the opportunity to contribute to the ICOMOS Annual General Assembly and Scientific Symposium 2025 in Lumbini, Nepal , a place whose serenity conceals a profound lesson about the relationship between peace, place, and humanity. It was a privilege to share my work on peacebuilding through place alongside heritage professionals, scholars, and p


Revolution Is Contagious: The Cautionary Tale of Nepal’s Gen Z Uprising
Written by Frazer Macdonald Hay Image by Frazer Macdonald Hay Kathmandu 2025 It wasn’t meant to be a revolution. When young Nepalis poured into the streets of Kathmandu in September 2025, they were angry, but they were also hopeful. The government’s abrupt ban on social media had sparked outrage, yet beneath that decision lay years of frustration: corruption, inequality, and the spectacle of political elites living in abundance while most of the population slid deeper into di


At the Threshold of Trust: Everyday Courage and the Invisible Backbone in Ukraine
Written by Frazer Macdonald Hay In every conflict zone, there are stories the world expects: soldiers at the front, medics under fire,...

















