The City Cannot Wait for Peace
Conversations That Matter Ideas rarely change the world on their own. They travel through people. Throughout my career, I have been fortunate to meet people whose work quietly shapes communities, institutions and places. They are architects, firefighters, heritage professionals, civic leaders, emergency responders and community builders. Few will ever become household names, yet their thinking continues to influence how societies recover, remember and move forward. Conversati
When Does a Project Become a Place?
Breaking the Ground Ceramony in Singapore 2013 Development, heritage, regeneration and peacebuilding projects are remarkably good at celebrating completion. Buildings are restored. Parks are inaugurated. Museums reopen. Community centres welcome their first visitors. Reports are submitted, donors acknowledged and photographs taken. The language of success is well rehearsed because, in many respects, it is measurable. Budgets are balanced, milestones achieved and contractual o
Thank You, Urban Realm
I am delighted to thank Urban Realm for publishing my article, Rebuilding Without Erasing, which they boldly retitled Ghost Buildings. It is a real honour to feature in one of Scotland's leading publications covering architecture, design and the built environment. The article explores a question that architecture rarely asks: what should we do with buildings that have been used for violence? We are familiar with rebuilding homes, restoring infrastructure and repairing heritag
Teaching the Next Custodians
Antwerp Workshop Most of us think of buildings as things we own, rent, manage, occupy, or occasionally repair. Rarely do we think of ourselves as their custodians. Yet every building we inherit has already passed through countless hands. Builders, occupants, owners, caretakers, neighbours, designers, and communities have all left traces behind. We arrive in the middle of a story, not at its beginning. The challenge facing future generations is not simply how to build new thin
The Minefield Beneath Memory
Why Cultural Heritage Recovery Must Confront the Reality of Explosive Violence Translations: Arabic / Ukrainian Across modern conflicts, cultural heritage has become increasingly recognised as central to identity, recovery, and peacebuilding. Destroyed museums, damaged religious buildings, shattered neighbourhoods, erased archives, ruined cemeteries, and scarred public spaces are no longer understood simply as architectural losses. They are increasingly recognised as attacks
Whose Heritage Is It, Anyway?
( French / Arabic ) When we talk about heritage, whose heritage are we really talking about? It’s a question that has stayed with me over the years of working in this field. Not as an abstract provocation, but as something that emerges repeatedly in practice, in projects, in conversations, and in the spaces between intention and reality. Heritage is often presented as an unquestionable good: something to be protected, celebrated, and passed on. And in many ways, it is. But
Buildings, Memory, and Mediation
Exploring peacebuilding as a lens for adaptive reuse I have been thinking about the relationship between peacebuilding and adaptive reuse. At first, the connection may not seem obvious. One operates in the aftermath of conflict, working with fractured societies, contested narratives, and fragile relationships. The other is often understood as a technical or architectural process, adapting existing buildings for new use. But the more I work across both, the less separate they
A Building Speaks Before Demolition
In conversation with a building scheduled for demolition ..... The manuscript I have recently completed, Adaptive Reuse: Conflict, Climate and Conservation / What Buildings Know , is structured as a conversation. Each chapter opens with the voice of a building facing demolition. It reflects on its condition, its memories, and its uncertainty about what comes next. These openings are not decorative. They frame the themes that follow, adaptive reuse, conflict, climate, conserva
What Buildings Know & Why It Matters Now
I have recently completed a manuscript exploring adaptive reuse, not simply as an architectural method, but as a way of thinking about how we live, remember, and change. At its core, the book asks a simple question: What happens if we stop treating buildings as objects to be replaced, and start understanding them as things to be read? Over time, that question became something else entirely. It became clear that adaptive reuse is not only about buildings. It is about how we re
Fractals of Violence: Why War Feels Uncomfortably Familiar
We like to believe that war happens elsewhere. In distant countries. Between governments and armies. Among people unlike ourselves, driven by forces we do not share. It is something we watch, analyse, condemn, but ultimately hold at a distance. This distance is comforting. It allows war to remain exceptional. It preserves the idea that violence, at scale, belongs to another realm entirely. But what if that distance is thinner than we think? The current war with Iran, like the
