Ukraine, Gaza, Sudan: What Post-War Cities Must Learn About Memory
Ukrainian / Arabic Text Rebuilding After War: What Buildings Remember If you are planning the reconstruction of Ukraine, Gaza, Sudan, Syria (or any city emerging from war) there is a question that rarely appears in engineering briefs, donor frameworks, or architectural masterplans: What do the buildings remember? After conflict, the world mobilises to rebuild walls, roads, schools, and monuments. We measure recovery in square metres restored and skylines repaired. Yet in eve
The Scottish election question no party is answering: how do we build peace at home?
This is the first article of mine published by The Times , and I’m reposting it here in full. It argues that Scotland’s biggest peace-related risks are not military, but social and political, and that as elections approach, the absence of any serious discussion about peacebuilding at home should concern us all. Peace, as John Buchan reminded us, is the absence of fear. By that standard, it deserves to be treated as national infrastructure, not an afterthought....... John Buch
A Note of Thanks
An acknowledgement of the everyday acts of care and courage that rarely make headlines. This year I have spent time in places shaped by violence. I have walked past burned-out parliamentary buildings and destroyed police vehicles. I have stood among riot police by the hundreds. I have interviewed protesters and survivors of political violence. I have witnessed drone attacks and missile strikes. I have met former service personnel living with PTSD and life-altering injuries. I
The Uncomfortable Ordinary: Evil, Responsibility, and the Banality of Systems
by Frazer Macdonald Hay On 18 May, I published an article titled “ An Uncomfortable Framing of the Most Heinous .” It was an attempt to sit with an idea that resists moral comfort: that the perpetrators of the worst crimes in human history are rarely the monsters we want them to be. Last night, while watching Nuremberg (dir. James Vanderbilt), that discomfort returned with renewed force. The film centres on the uneasy relationship between Hermann Göring (played by Russell C
Architecture as Evidence: Why the Prisons Museum Matters
By Frazer Macdonald Hay Across the world, ordinary buildings have been made to bear extraordinary violence, schools, factories, churches, hospitals repurposed as prisons, execution grounds, torture chambers. These places do not simply fade when the conflict ends; they remain as scars in the social landscape. The Prisons Museum seeks not only to document these sites, but to protect their testimony, to transform hidden trauma into public memory, to support justice, and to give
Why Peacebuilding Needs Climate Thinking and Climate Action Needs Memory, Place, and Justice
By Frazer Macdonald Hay Across the UN and global policy landscape, the term “climate–conflict nexus” has become shorthand for the reality that environmental shocks and social instability are increasingly inseparable. But the nexus is often described in economic or technological terms, food security, water scarcity, critical infrastructure, adaptation finance, and “smart” responses. Yet missing from most of these discussions is something fundamentally human: How people inhabi
Why Peace & Conflict Skills Matter in Everyday UK Life
For most of my working life, I have operated at the intersection of people, place, memory, and conflict . I have worked in cities rebuilding after war; in neighbourhoods negotiating tense identities; in institutions grappling with histories they found difficult to acknowledge; and in communities looking for ways to reconnect after years of silence or division. Through all of this, one insight has stayed with me: Conflict does not begin with violence, and peace does not begin
What the Walled Off Hotel Reveals About Our Liquid Times
Banksy, Bauman, Sontag and the Architecture of Fear by Frazer Macdonald Hay In Liquid Times: Living in an Age of Uncertainty, Zygmunt Bauman describes a world slipping from solid certainties into fluid insecurities, a world where social bonds thin, trust evaporates, and fear becomes a political resource more valuable than truth. We inhabit, he argues, an age shaped by negative globalisation: a system that grants radical freedom of movement to some while confining others beh
A Fait Accompli: Architecture, Memory, and the Norwegian Way
Rethinking Memory, Openness, and Public Space in Post-Terror Oslo Frazer Macdonald Hay / Uniform November In the wake of the 2011 attacks, Norway set out to rebuild Oslo’s Government Quarter as both a symbol of resilience and a statement of democratic values. More than a decade later, that reconstruction tells a different story. Despite years of consultation and political rhetoric about openness, the project has hardened into a vast, expensive, and increasingly centralised re
The Theatre of Silence
Rebuilding Mariupol’s Drama Theatre as an Act of Erasure by Frazer Macdonald Hay, Uniform November In March 2022, Russia bombed the Mariupol Drama Theatre, a building clearly labelled with the word “CHILDREN” (“ДЕТИ”) in enormous white letters visible from the sky. Hundreds of civilians were sheltering inside. According to investigations by the Associated Press , at least 600 people were killed. It was one of the deadliest single attacks of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Uk
